Some may argue that all marijuana is medical; as there are significant evidence supporting a broad range of medical uses.
The difference between "medical" and "recreational" marijuana is not necessarily in the marijuana plant itself, but in the way it is taxed, regulated, and marketed... However, factors such as CBD to THC ratio, may also contribute to a defining line between the two terms.
The Importance of Balancing CBD & THC
CBD is the cannabinoid that is most often associated with medical use, as it has no psychoactive effects, and can provide anti-anxiety and therapeutic properties. On the other end of the spectrum is THC; the cannabinoid that has psychoactive effects and is often associated with recreational use.
However, the combination of THC, CBD and other cannabinoids and terpenes all work together, becoming more effective; the entourage effect. For maximum efficiency it is important that the cannabinoids such as CBD and THC are well balanced.
It is common that Indica-dominant strains of marijuana are viewed as medicinal, whereas sativa-dominant strains are viewed as recreational. Realistically, you can channel both types of marijuana for diverse purposes, depending on what your preference is, and what needs to be treated. Overall, there is no significant difference between recreational and medicinal marijuana.